Structure Project (Parallelism)

Parallelism

Parallelism refers to using elements in sentences that are grammatically similar or identical in structure, sound, meaning, or meter. This technique adds symmetry, effectiveness and balance to the written piece.

Parallelism in Sentences

Examples of parallelism within sentences:

·         You need to work quickly and decisively.

·         He was a prolific author, writing poems, short stories, novels, and screenplays.

·         Like father, like son.

·         This is not only just what I wanted, but also just what I needed.

·         Congress needs to either reduce spending or raise taxes.

·         She is sneaky and manipulative.

·         In the parade the Boy Scouts presented the colors, the band marched and the mayor rode in a convertible.

Parallelism in Texts

Examples of parallelism in longer texts:

·         In the famous speech of Martin Luther King, Jr., the phrase “I have a dream” was repeated often and is an example of parallelism for clarity and emphasis.

·         “My fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.” - John F. Kennedy

·         In the Beatitudes from the book of Matthew in the Bible, they begin with “Blessed are the ...” as in “Blessed are those who mourn, for they will be comforted” and “Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the Earth.”

·         "I don’t want to live on in my work. I want to live on in my apartment." - Woody Allen

·         "Today's students can put dope in their veins or hope in their brains. If they can conceive it and believe it, they can achieve it. They must know it is not their aptitude but their attitude that will determine their altitude." - Jesse Jackson

·         "For the end of a theoretical science is truth, but the end of a practical science is performance." - Aristotle

·         “My fellow citizens: I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.” - Barack Obama

These different sentences and blocks of text show how parallelism works and how it can be used as a useful literary tool.

Argumentative Paragraph

Chocolate

           Everybody should consider the benefit of chocolate. The first reason why they should consider the benefit of chocolate is because most of people avoid food which contains a lot of fat include chocolate, whereas chocolate can lose weight. The Hershey’s study found that chocolate does not only maintain weight, but also lose weight. During the four-month survey, overweight women who ate a 90-calorie portion of dark chocolate each day were still able to lose 11 lbs. on average. The other reason is that chocolate is good for health. Some parents ask their children not to eat many chocolates to keep their children from tooth decay. But, Research studies done at the Forsyth Dental Center in Boston have proven that chocolate has the ability to balance the acid-producing potential of the sugar that contained inside of chocolate itself. A research by researchers from Osaka University in Japan also found that parts of the cocoa bean, the main ingredient of chocolate, prevent mouth bacteria and tooth decay. They discovered that the cocoa bean leather has an anti-bacterial effect on the mouth and can fight effectively against dental plaque and other damaging substances. Because chocolate is very useful for our health, we don’t need to avoid it again.

Compound – Complex Sentence

     A sentence with two or more independent clause and at least one dependent clause. The compound- complex sentences is so named because it shares the characteristics of both compound and complex sentences.

·         Terdapat minimal 3 kalimat (S+V)

·         Conjunction : compound and complex conj

·         Clause : MC & SC

·         Pola : S+V compound conj S+V complex conj S+V

           MC                              MC    SC

Eg : wanto was taking a bath and citra was sleeping when susi came.

                         MC                compound      MC             complex  SC

                                                     Conj                                 conj

Persuasive Essay

Why You Should Not Smoke

 
I am sure that you know that smoking harms your body. Then why do you continue smoking? Maybe you do it because you haven’t really become conscious about all the effects that smoking has. There are a lot of reasons why you shouldn’t smoke. Some of them are that smoking affects your health, that you spend a lot of money on cigarettes, and that when you smoke you are not respecting people around you.

The first reason why you shouldn’t smoke is that smoking affects your health. If you smoke, your physical condition will be negatively affected, so it will be very difficult for you to succeed in sports. Also, smoking produces lethal diseases like cancer and reduces the length and quality of your life. Maybe you don’t notice all the physical effects of smoking immediately, but you surely will be sorry one day.

The second reason why you shouldn’t smoke is because of all the money that you spend on it. Maybe you start smoking only when someone offers you a cigarette, but there will be a day when you will feel the need of a cigarette. By this time, you will pay whatever to smoke, and each time you will smoke more, so you will spend more money. All the money you would spend on cigars could have be spent in something better, don’t you think?

The last reason why you shouldn’t smoke is out of respect for the people around you. When you smoke, you not only harm yourself, but you also harm all the people around you. So you mustn’t be selfish; you should at least avoid smoking in front of people who don’t smoke. Also, many people don’t like the cigarette’s smell, so they won’t enjoy your company. Would you like that?

I have said just some reasons of why you shouldn’t smoke, so I hope that now those of you who smoke are able to think a little and try to make a smart decision. In addition to all the reasons I’ve said, I would like you to think about how much you love yourself and then whether you want to continue harming yourself. Think also about all the people who love you, like your family who doesn’t want to see you suffering or sick. If you decide to continue smoking, what a pity. But if you decide to stop smoking, congratulations! Remember that "If you can dream it, you can do it."

Structure Project (Complex Sentence)

A complex sentence is one independent clause plus one dependent clause. Each clause has its own subject and verb, but the dependent clause can't stand alone. The two clauses are joined by a subordinating conjunction. Punctuate by putting a comma after the dependent clause if it is at the beginning of the sentence. If the clause is at the end of the sentence, do not put a comma.

For Example: - Because Kayla has so much climbing experience, we asked her to lead group.
                      
                       - He stands at the bottom of the cliff while the climber moves up the rock.

Writing Practice : Interpreting Ideas (Compound Sentence)

1. Idea : "How about your school?"
    interpretation : my school is famous, but my school is small.

2. Idea : "What do you think about Mita?"
    interpretation : she is beautiful girl, and she is dilligent girl.

3. Idea : "Listening to the music and singing can make us happiness".
    interpretation : I agree, for Murbianto disagree.

Compound Sentence

A sentence made up of two or more independent clauses connected by a comma and conjunction and, or, or but

I finished my homework.

Now I can watch television.

I finished my homework, and now I can watch television.

Roy wants to work in the garden.

The ground is too muddly.

Roy wants to work in the garden, but the ground is too muddly.